Exam Stress

 What is Exam Stress ?

 Have exams coming up? Sometimes the pressure you feel can help keep you focused, other times it can cause stress. Check out these tips to help you cope with stress during exam time.

"Remember passing an exam is only part of the story. There’s always a second chance or another way to reach your goals"

What does exam stress look like?

1. Some signs of stress include:
2. Feeling confused
3. Losing touch with friends
4. Feeling moody and low
5. Having trouble making decisions
6. Feeling overwhelmed
7. Lack of motivation to do anything
8. Trouble sleeping or getting out of bed
9. Tense muscles or headaches
10. Having an upset stomach or feeling sick
11. Fidgeting, nail biting, teeth grinding

Why do people experience exam stress?

1. Worry they might fail
2. Don't feel prepared
3. Want to do really well
4. Don’t have much time to study
5. Need to get a certain result
6. Don’t think they will do well
7. Find it hard to understand what they’re studying
8. Feel pressure from family to get good marks
9. Feel they need to compete with others
10. Have other things happening in their life

Getting ready to study

• It’s never too late to set up good study habits. Here are some helpful ideas:
• Find a quiet place to study without distractions.
• Set-up your study space. Make sure it’s not too cluttered and has everything you might need.
• Find out as much as you can about the exam so you can prepare.
• Ask your teacher if you’re unsure of what will be tested.
• Learn to make ‘mind maps’ and use them to collect ideas and thoughts, use bright colours to help remember important links.
• Make a plan of what you want to work on in each study session. Break it down into small tasks and work on one task at a time.
• Take regular short breaks – use this time to have a drink, get something to eat or play with a pet.
• Ask for help - If you’re having trouble with something you’re studying ask a teacher, friend, sibling or parent to help.

Tips to help while studying

Try these tips and tricks:

• Stick to a routine by eating and sleeping at around the same time each day
• Get a good night’s sleep. This gives your brain time to recharge and remember what you’ve learnt.
• Give yourself mini rewards once you achieve your study goals – watch a TV show or go for a run
• Keep focused on your study – don’t let other stuff like friendship worries distract you.
• Avoid junk food - it will bring a sudden burst of energy and then fall away quickly leaving you feeling worn-out.
• Eat a well-balanced diet - lots of fresh fruit, vegetables, cereals, grains, nuts and protein are all good for the brain and energy levels.
• Allow yourself time to rest – try out some relaxation activities like deep breathing, meditation or listening to music.
• Cut back on energy drinks they can increase nerves. Drink lots of water instead!

10 quick ways to help eliminate exam stress 

1. Watch a film, a TV show or listen to a podcast or comedian that makes you laugh.
2. Drink some herbal tea or a hot chocolate. It’s a well known fact that hot drinks are known to soothe the soul (avoid too much caffeine though!).
3. A shower or a bath can help to relieve stress.
4. Cook or bake something. Just the thought of having something delicious to eat can bring you joy. As a bonus side note, try and cook something healthy too. You can’t feed your mind well, if you don’t feed your body well.
5. Get some sleep. The virtues of a good night’s sleep during exam season should not be underestimated.
6. Keep things in perspective. Yes, exams are important. But you are so much more than your exam results.
7. Avoid other stressed people. You know the ones I mean. The ones with cue cards outside of the exam hall, frantically trying to remember key dates and equations. They will do nothing for your stress levels.
8. Avoid the exam "post-mortem”. You don’t need to know how other people fared in the exam. You’ve done your best, you can’t go back and change your answers so the second you step out of the exam hall, focus on your next exam.
9. Be flexible. While having a revision time table is one of the best tools in your arsenal for exam success, don’t be too hard on yourself if you don’t stick to it. If you accidentally oversleep, don’t write the day off.
10. Write down everything you feel like you need to do and try and tick one thing off. Just the act of feeling like you are in control of your revision can help. 

 

Erikson’s Eight Stages of Development

Psychologist Erik Erikson developed his eight stages of development to explain how people mature. The stages clarify the developmental challenges faced at various points in life. His theory is widely taught in developmental psychology courses in the United States.

Stage-based theories of development were popular during Erikson’s era. Yet there is one important difference between Erikson’s theory and other popular models of his time. In Erikson’s theory, a person does not have to successfully complete one stage of development to move on to the next stage.

THE EIGHT STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT

Each stage has a conflict between two opposing concepts. For instance, the infancy stage’s main conflict is trust vs. mistrust. Although people of all ages may experience issues with trust, the infancy stage is where the challenge is most potent.

What If the person does not overcome the challenges of a particular stage? The person will still progress to the next challenge. Yet the themes from the previous challenge may affect later stages. For example, a child who never establishes trust in infancy may grow into an adult who struggles with trust in romantic relationships.

The eight stages of development are:

Stage 1: Infancy: Trust vs. Mistrust

Infants depend on caregivers, usually parents, for basic needs such as food. Infants learn to trust others based upon how well caregivers meet their needs.

• Trust: When caregivers respond promptly to an infant’s cries, the baby can learn to rely on others. As caregivers fill an infant’s needs, the baby can develop a sense of trust and security.
• Mistrust: If caregivers neglect an infants’ needs, or if care is sporadic, an infant may grow insecure. They may learn they cannot rely on others and thus feel unsafe.

Stage 2: Toddlerhood: Autonomy vs. Shame and Self-Doubt

During this phase, young children begin exploring the world around them. They learn more about their environment and their place within it. They also develop basic skills such as toilet training.

• Autonomy: In this stage, caregivers often serve as a safe base from which to explore the world. When caregivers encourage independence, children will feel secure enough to take risks.
• Shame: Children whose caregivers discourage them may develop feelings of shame. If caregivers foster excessive dependence, the child may learn to doubt their own abilities.

Stage 3: Preschool Years: Initiative vs. Guilt

Preschoolers are increasingly focused on doing things themselves and establishing their own goals.

• Initiative: When caregivers nurture these tendencies, children learn how to make decisions and plan for the future. They can grow into adults who are able to follow their ambitions.
• Guilt: If children are criticized for being assertive, they may feel guilt for pursuing their desires. Controlling caregivers may teach children to follow another’s lead rather than starting their own plans.

Stage 4: Early School Years: Industry vs. Inferiority

As children grow in independence, they become increasingly aware of themselves as individuals. They begin to compare themselves with others.

• Industry: Children who are accomplished compared to their peers can develop self-confidence and pride. Praise for their achievements can boost their self-esteem.
• Inferiority: Children who do not achieve certain milestones may doubt their abilities or self-worth. When children are constantly criticized, they may develop feelings of inferiority.

Stage 5: Adolescence: Identity vs. Role Confusion

The famed term “identity crisis” comes from this period of development. During this stage, adolescents’ main goal is to answer the question “Who am I?” They may try different personas to determine which roles fit them best.

• Identity: To succeed in this stage, adolescents need to establish a coherent sense of self. They will need to determine their priorities in life (family, academic success, etc.). Then they will need to set goals for their adult selves based on those values.
• Role confusion: Some adolescents may have a weak sense of self. They may struggle to break away from the person their parents or peers expect them to be. Without a consistent identity, they may grow confused about what they truly want for the future.

Stage 6: Young Adulthood: Intimacy vs. Isolation

According to Erikson, young adulthood is the period during which many people get married or develop significant relationships. It has been defined as anywhere from 20-24 years to 20-40 years.

• Intimacy: Relationships can be a key source of affection and intimacy in adulthood. Many find emotional benefits from having a committed, lifelong bond.
• Isolation: According to Erikson, people who do not develop relationships may become socially isolated. They may develop long-term feelings of loneliness.

Stage 7: Middle Adulthood: Generativity vs. Stagnation

The focus of this stage is to contribute to society and the next generation. Adults in this stage are often at the height of their careers. Many people are raising children.

• Generativity: People may offer guidance to the next generation through parenting or mentorship. They may also offer lead the way by leaving a legacy. Contributing to society’s future can give people a sense of community and purpose.
• Stagnation: Some people may feel as if they have no impact on society. If people do not find their work meaningful, they may feel restless or isolated. Some may feel they have “peaked” and that their lives will only get worse in the future.

Stage 8: Late Adulthood: Ego Integrity vs. Despair

During this phase, older adults reflect on the life they have lived.

• Ego Integrity: Those who feel fulfilled by their lives can face death and aging proudly.
• Despair: People who have disappointments or regrets may fall into despair.

LIMITATIONS OF ERIKSON’S EIGHT STAGES

Erikson’s eight stages of development is a popular theory. Yet it has also received a fair amount of criticism from the psychological community.

Erikson is often criticized for supporting a limited view of human development. Critics argue Erikson focused too much on childhood, neglecting the development that occurs in adulthood. He admitted a person’s identity could change in adulthood after the adolescent stage. Yet he did not offer any speculation on how or why such a change would happen.

Other critics take issue with his views on gender. Erikson agreed with Freud that personality differences between genders are rooted in biology. He claimed human development also differed by gender. Feminist theorists criticize Erikson for using the male experience as the default template for human development.

Lastly, some critics say Erikson focuses too much on speculation rather than data. Erikson based much of his theory of biographical case studies. Seeing the stages play out in a case study can help people understand the concepts at work. Yet the details of Mahatma Gandhi’s development are difficult to apply on a broad scale.

Imporatant question for B.Ed. final E -503(Environmental Education)

Modern College of Professional Studies

Mohan-Nagar, Ghaziabad

B.Ed. -Final Year

Environmental Education

                                                                                        E-503

Sample Model Paper No-2  (New Pattern)

Time:- 1:30 hr                                                                                                            Maximum Marks:-40

Note: Attempt all Section as Per given Instruction.

Section-A

Descriptive Answer type Questions

Note: This Section Contains Three questions. Each question has internal choice. Answer any two questions. Each question Carries 12 Marks.                                                    2*12=24 Marks

         नोट-प्रत्येक खण्ड का उत्तर निर्देशानुसार दीजिए।

1.  What do you understand by Environment? Explain in brief the scope of environment.

   पर्यावरण से आप क्या समझते हैं? पर्यावरण के क्षेत्र का संक्षेप में वर्णन कीजिए।

                                                          अथवा

       Describe in brief the different kinds of environment

   पर्यावरण के विभिन्न प्रकारों का संक्षेप में वर्णन कीजिए।

2. What do you understand by Ecosystem? Discuss in detail the components of ecosystem

   पारिस्थितिक तन्त्र से आप क्या समझते हैं? पारिस्थितिक तन्त्र के घटकों का विस्तृत वर्णन कीजिए।

                          अथवा

3. What do you understand by forest resources ? Explain the need of forest conservation

     Discuss the remedies of forest conservation.

  वन संसाधनों से आप क्या समझते हैं? वन संरक्षण की आवश्यकता का वर्णन कीजिए। वन संरक्षण के उपाय

  बताइए।

3. Explain the meaning of pollution' ? Describe in brief the types of pollution

'प्रदूषण' का अर्थ स्पष्ट कीजिए। प्रदूषण के विभिन्न प्रकारों का संक्षेप में वर्णन कीजिए।

अथवा

Describe the effect of water pollution on human life, animals, plants and metals Also explain the ways to control water pollution

'जल प्रदूषण के मानव जीवन, पेड़-पौधों, जीव-जन्तु एवं धातुओं पर पड़ने वाले प्रभावों का वर्णन कीजिए। जल

प्रदूषण को नियन्त्रित करने के उपाय भी बताइए।

                                                                    (Section-B)

(Short Answer Type Questions)

Note  : Four questions are given in this section Attempt any four questions. Each question    2 x 4=8                                                                                                                                              

1. Explain in brief the ecological pyramids.

  पारिस्थितिक पिरामिड का संक्षेप में वर्णन कीजिए।

 2- Causes of global warming.

  ग्लोबल वार्मिंग के कारण।

3. Sources and effects of sound pollution

  ध्वनि प्रदूषण के स्रोत और प्रभाव।

4 . Describe the causes of deforestation

     वनोन्मूलन अथवा वन विनाश के कारणों का वर्णन कीजिए।

   

(Section-C)

Note: This Section Contains Ten questions Answer any Eight questions. Each question Carries 1 Mark.                                                                                                                           

1. पर्यावरण का एक प्रकार लिखिए।

Write one kind of environment.

2. पारिस्थितिक तन्त्र के एक घटक का वर्णन कीजिए।

Write one component of ecosystem

3. वनों के दो लाभ लिखिए।

Write two advantages of forests.

4. जल संरक्षण की एक विधि लिखिए।

Write one method of water conservation

5. इनमें से कौन-सा प्राकृतिक संसाधन है?

(a) सौर्य ऊर्जा (b) भूमि (c) जल (d) ये सभी

Which of thefollowing is natural resource ?

(a) Solar energy (b) Land (c) Water (d) All of the above

6. वन्य जीवों का एक लाभ लिखिए।

Write one advantages of wild animals.

7. आई०बी०डब्ल्यू०एल० की स्थापना 1952 में हुई।

Indian Board of Wildlife (I.B.WL.) was established in 1952.

8. ओजोन छिद्र का एक कारण लिखिए।

Write one cause of ozone hole.

9. बाढ़ की एक हानि लिखिए।

Write one disadvantage of flood.

10. भूकम्प का एक कारण लिखिए।

Write one cause of earthquake.

 

Some imp Question for short notes;

 

ü  Describe the need of biodiversity जैव विविधता की आवश्यकता बताइए।

ü  Causes of air pollution वायु प्रदूषण के कारण।

ü  Sources and effects of sound pollution ध्वनि प्रदूषण के स्रोत और प्रभाव।

ü  Describe the causes and effects of acid rain  अम्लीय वर्षा के कारण और प्रभावों का वर्णन कीजिए।

ü  Explain in brief the sources of non-conventional energy गैर-परम्परागत ऊर्जा के स्रोतों का संक्षेप में वर्णन कीजिए।

 

B.Ed. -Final Year

Environmental Education

                                                                       E-503

Sample Model Paper SET-1 (New Pattern)

Time:- 1:30 hr                                                                                                            Maximum Marks:-40

Note: Attempt all Section as Per given Instruction.

Section-A

Descriptive Answer type Questions

Note: This Section Contains Three questions. Each question has internal choice. Answer any two questions. Each question Carries 12 Marks.                                                    2*12=24 Marks

1-      Describe Ecosystem including: structure and main components, function of ecosystem

    ikfjfLFkfrdh ra= dk o.kZu djsa ftlesa 'kkfey gSa% lajpuk vkSj eq[; ?kVd] ikfjfLFkfrdh ra= ds dk;ZA

                                                        or                                           

        Discuss about Energy Resources and its Sources (Including Non-Renewal Energy Resource and Renewal Energy).

       ÅtkZ lalk/kuksa vkSj mlds lzksrksa ¼xSj&uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ lalk/ku vkSj uohdj.k ÅtkZ lfgr½ ds ckjs esa ppkZ djsaA

2-      Explain the term Bio-diversity and its important ,causes of Bio-diversity.

    tSo&fofo/krk 'kCn vkSj blds egRoiw.kZ] tSo&fofo/krk ds dkj.kksa dh O;k[;k dhft,  

                                                      Or

      Describe the feature of environmental awareness through education at Upper primary secondary    level students.   

    mPp çkFkfed ek/;fed Lrj ds Nk=ksa esa f'k{kk ds ek/;e ls i;kZoj.k tkx:drk dh fo'ks"krk dk o.kZu djsaA

3-      Discuss the various Environmental acts ,rules and regulation for preventing  our environments(  Air/water/noise etc.)

   gekjs i;kZoj.k ¼ok;q ty 'kksj vkfn½ dks jksdus ds fy, fofHkUu i;kZoj.kh; vf/kfu;eksa] fu;eksa vkSj fofu;eksa ij ppkZ djsaA

Or

        Elaborate the role of School in Environmental Conservation.

       i;kZoj.k laj{k.k esa fo|ky; dh Hkwfedk dk foLrkj ls o.kZu dhft,A

 

Section-B

Short Answer Questions

Note: This Section Contains Four questions Answer any two questions. Each question Carries 04 Marks.                                                                                                            2*4=08 Marks

 

4-Discuss the Ecological Pyramid and its various types in ecosystem.

  ikfjfLFkfrd fijkfeM vkSj ikfjfLFkfrdh ra= esa blds fofHkUu çdkjksa ij ppkZ djsaA

5- Difference between Non-Renewal Energy Resource and Renewal Energy.

  xSj&uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ lalk/ku vkSj uohdj.k ÅtkZ ds chp varj dhft,A

6- Explain in brief: Acid rain- causes and effect.

  vEyh; o"kkZ ds dkj.kksa vkSj çHkkoksa vkSj vEy o"kkZ dks jksdus ds muds mik;ksa ij ppkZ djsa

       7- Explain Environmental Ethics and Values in short.

  i;kZoj.kh; uSfrdrk vkSj ewY;ksa dks foLrkj ls le>kb,A

Section-C

Very Short Answer Questions

Note: This Section Contains Ten questions Answer any Eight questions. Each question Carries 1 Mark.                                                                                                                            1*8=08 Marks

1-      Define Ecosystem.

    ikfjfLFkfrdh ra= dks ifjHkkf"kr

2-      What is Pillar Melting.

    fiyj esfYVax ds ckjs esa la{ksi esa fyf[k,A

3-      Type of Pollutant.

    çnw"kd dks ifjHkkf"kr dhft,A

4-      Fill in the Blank:    Earth Day Celebrated on ………………………

    i;kZoj.k fnol……………………-¼mÙkj % 05 twu½

5-      Full Name of following:  UNEP and NEAC, CNG

       fuEufyf[kr dk iwjk uke% ;w,ubZih vkSj ,ubZ,lh] lh,uth

6-      Which gas is  main source of Green house gas.

       xzhu gkml xSl dk eq[; lzksr dkSu lh xSl gSA

7-      True/False:

                        Salim Ali National Park situated in Rajesthan                       (T/F)

                        lyhe vyh jk"Vªh; m|ku jktLFkku esa fLFkr gSA               lR;/vlR;

8-      Gir Forest National Park Situated in Gujrat                              (T/F)

    fxj ou jk"Vªh; m|ku xqtjkr esa fLFkr gSA                             lR;/vlR;

9-      Write Two effect of thermal pollution.

    Å"eh; çnw"k.k ds çHkko fyf[k,A

10-   Explain in brief Food chain.

    [kk| J`a[kyk dks la{ksi esa le>kb,

 

  

B.Ed. -Final Year

Environmental Education

E-503 (Question Bank)

Long Answer Type Question

1.       What is Environment? Explain its Nature and Scope.i;kZoj.k D;k gS\ bldh ç—fr ,oa dk;Z{ks= dh O;k[;k dhft,A

2.       Define Ecosystem. Explain the grass land ecosystem includes its components. ikfjfLFkfrdh ra= dks ifjHkkf"kr dhft,A ?kkl Hkwfe ikfjfLFkfrdh ra= dh O;k[;k djsa ftlesa blds ?kVd  'kkfey gSaA

3.        Explain the Aquatic ecosystem includes its various components.

    tyh; ikfjra= dh O;k[;k dhft, ftlesa blds fofHkUu ?kVd 'kkfey gSaA

4.       Describe ecosystem including: structure and main components, function of ecosystem.

ikfjfLFkfrdh ra= dk o.kZu djsa ftlesa 'kkfey gSa% lajpuk vkSj eq[; ?kVd] ikfjfLFkfrdh ra= ds dk;ZA

5.        What is energy flow in ecosystem? Discuss model of energy flow in Ecosystem.

 ikfjra= esa ÅtkZ çokg D;k gS\ ikfjra= esa ÅtkZ çokg ds e‚My dh ppkZ dhft,A

6.       Define deforestation; meaning, causes and harmful effect and remedies for forest conservation.

 ouksa dh dVkbZ dks ifjHkkf"kr djsa; ou laj{k.k ds vFkZ] dkj.k vkSj gkfudkjd çHkko vkSj mik;A

7.    What is Water-Harvesting .Explain in details about Importance and methods for rain water-Harvesting.*

ty lap;u D;k gSA o"kkZ ty lap;u ds egRo vkSj fof/k;ksa ds ckjs esa foLrkj ls crk,aA*

8.       Write in detail about Watershed management.

     okVj'ksM çca/ku ds ckjs esa foLrkj ls fy[ksaA

9.       What is mineral Resources and its classification. Utility and effect of overexploitation of is mineral Resources.

    [kfut lalk/ku D;k gS vkSj bldk oxhZdj.kA [kfut lalk/kuksa ds vR;f/kd nksgu dh mi;ksfxrk vkSj çHkkoA

10.   Discuss about Energy Resources and its Sources (Including Non-Renewal Energy Resource and Renewal Energy).

    ÅtkZ lalk/kuksa vkSj mlds lzksrksa ¼xSj&uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ lalk/ku vkSj uohdj.k ÅtkZ lfgr½ ds ckjs esa ppkZ djsaA

11.   Explain the term Bio-diversity and its important ,causes of Bio-diversity

tSo&fofo/krk 'kCn vkSj blds egRoiw.kZ] tSo&fofo/krk ds dkj.kksa dh O;k[;k dhft,  

12.   Discuss Bio-diversity including its values ,conservation (Flaura and fauna diversity in india)

tSo&fofo/krk ds ewY;ksa] laj{k.k ¼Hkkjr esa ¶yksjk vkSj tho fofo/krk½ lfgr ppkZ djsaA

13.   Explain Air Pollution-types, causes and their effect on Environment

ok;q çnw"k.k ds çdkj] dkj.k vkSj i;kZoj.k ij muds çHkko dh O;k[;k dhft, A

14.   Explain Air Pollution-types, causes and their effect on Environment

ok;q çnw"k.k ds çdkj] dkj.k vkSj i;kZoj.k ij muds çHkko dh O;k[;k dhft, A

15.   Explain Water Pollution-types, causes and their effect on Environment

    ty çnw"k.k ds çdkj] dkj.k vkSj i;kZoj.k ij muds çHkko dh O;k[;k dhft, A

16.   Discuss concept of green house gases. And Explain their causes and effect on environment.

    xzhu gkml xSlksa dh vo/kkj.kk ij ppkZ djsaA vkSj i;kZoj.k ij muds dkj.k vkSj çHkko dh O;k[;k dhft,A

17.   Define ozone layer depletion .Explain causes and effects of ozone layer depletion.

    vkstksu ijr dh deh dks ifjHkkf"kr djsa vkSj vkstksu ijr ds {kj.k ds dkj.k vkSj çHkko dh O;k[;k dhft, A

18.   Discuss the Acid rain causes and effects and their measures to prevent acid rain

vEyh; o"kkZ ds dkj.kksa vkSj çHkkoksa vkSj vEy o"kkZ dks jksdus ds muds mik;ksa ij ppkZ djsa

19.   What is Natural Disasters. Explain any one type of Disasters including its causes and effects and preventive suggestion.

   çk—frd vkink,a D;k gSaA fdlh ,d çdkj dh vkinkvksa dh O;k[;k dhft, ftlesa blds dkj.k ,oa çHkko rFkk  fuokjd lq>ko lfEefyr gSaA

20.   Explain the term Environment Education and its objective, important.

    i;kZoj.k f'k{kk 'kCn dh O;k[;k dhft, rFkk blds egRoiw.kZ mís'; crkb,A

21.   Describe the feature of environmental awareness through education at Upper primary secondary level students.

    mPp çkFkfed ek/;fed Lrj ds Nk=ksa esa f'k{kk ds ek/;e ls i;kZoj.k tkx:drk dh fo'ks"krk dk o.kZu djsaA

22.    Explain in details about Environmental awareness Programmes  for Secondary School children.

ek/;fed fo|ky; ds cPpksa ds fy, i;kZoj.k tkx:drk dk;ZØeksa ds ckjs esa foLrkj ls crk,aA

23.   Discuss the programmes of environmental education for attitude change in children.

cPpksa esa vfHko`fÙk ifjorZu ds fy, i;kZoj.k f'k{kk ds dk;ZØeksa dh foospuk dhft,A

24.   Explain Environmental Ethics and Values in details.

i;kZoj.kh; uSfrdrk vkSj ewY;ksa dks foLrkj ls le>kb,A

25.   Elaborate the role of School in Environmental Conservation.

    i;kZoj.k laj{k.k esa fo|ky; dh Hkwfedk dk foLrkj ls o.kZu dhft,A

26.   Discuss the various efforts of Ministary of forest and environment for protect environment (Plan and Policies)

i;kZoj.k dh j{kk ds fy, ou vkSj i;kZoj.k ea=ky; ds fofHkUu ç;klksa ¼;kstuk vkSj uhfr;ka½ ij ppkZ djsaA

27.   Discuss the various Environmental acts ,rules and regulation for preventing  our environments( Air/water/noise etc.)

    gekjs i;kZoj.k ¼ok;q ty 'kksj vkfn½ dks jksdus ds fy, fofHkUu i;kZoj.kh; vf/kfu;eksa] fu;eksa vkSj fofu;eksa ij ppkZ djsaA

  Short Answer type Question

1.       Types of Environment

i;kZoj.k ds çdkj

Or

       Write in Brief: natural and man-made environment.

la{ksi esa fy[ksa% çk—frd vkSj ekuo fufeZr i;kZoj.kA

2.       Explain in brief Food chain [kk| J`a[kyk dks la{ksi esa le>kb,

3.       Explain in brief Food Web. QwM osc dks la{ksi esa le>kb,A

4.       Discuss the Ecological Pyramid and its various types in ecosystem.

ikfjfLFkfrd fijkfeM vkSj ikfjfLFkfrdh ra= esa blds fofHkUu çdkjksa ij ppkZ djsaA

5.       Write short notes on Natural Resource. And its Classification

çk—frd lalk/ku ij laf{kIr uksV~l fy[ksaA vkSj bldk oxhZdj.k djsaA

6.       Difference between Non-Renewal Energy Resource and Renewal Energy

xSj&uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ lalk/ku vkSj uohdj.k ÅtkZ ds chp varj dhft,A

7.       Discuss in brief on utility of forest.ou dh mi;ksfxrk ij la{ksi esa ppkZ dhft,A

8.       Explain efforts by Central Government for Forest Conservation.

ou laj{k.k ds fy, dsaæ ljdkj ds ç;klksa dh O;k[;k djsaA

9.       Write short notes on water Resources on the basis of Sources.

lzksrksa ds vk/kkj ij ty lalk/kuksa ij laf{kIr fVIi.kh fyf[k,A

10.   Effect of overuse of Wastage of water.ikuh dh cckZnh ds vfr ç;ksx dk çHkkoA

11.   Components of ecosystem.ikfjfLFkfrdh ra= ds ?kVdA

12.   Write in brief about Pillar melting.

    fiyj esfYVax ds ckjs esa la{ksi esa fyf[k,A

13.   Discuss  in brief on Conservation of Mineral Resources.

[kfut lalk/kuksa ds laj{k.k ij la{ksi esa ppkZ djsaA

14.   Effect of Overgrazing.vfrpkj.k dk çHkkoA

15.   Explain in brief Alternate  Energy Sources.oSdfYid ÅtkZ lzksrksa dks la{ksi esa le>kb,A

16.   Define Gene Bank thu cSad dks ifjHkkf"kr djsa

17.   Preventive Measures to preserve Biodiversity. tSo fofo/krk ds laj{k.k ds fy, fuokjd mik;A

18.   What is environmental Hazards and its causes.i;kZoj.kh; [krjs D;k gSa vkSj blds dkj.k D;k gSa\

19.   Define pollution and types of pollutents. çnw"k.k vkSj çnw"kdksa ds çdkj dks ifjHkkf"kr djsaA

20.   Measures to prevent Air pollution. ok;q çnw"k.k dks jksdus ds mik;A

21.   Measures to prevent Water pollution.ty çnw"k.k dks jksdus ds mik;A

22.   Explain the Measure of Soil pollution.e`nk çnw"k.k ds eki dh O;k[;k dhft,A

23.   Discuss in brief causes of soil pollution.e`nk çnw"k.k ds laf{kIr dkj.kksa dh ppkZ dhft,A

24.   Explain Causes and effect of noise pollution./ofu çnw"k.k ds dkj.k ,oa çHkko dh O;k[;k dhft,A

25.   Write the causes and effect of thermal pollution.Å"eh; çnw"k.k ds dkj.k ,oa çHkko fyf[k,A

26.   Write in brief effect and causes of nuclear pollution.ijek.kq çnw"k.k ds çHkko vkSj dkj.kksa dks la{ksi esa fyf[k,A

27.   Measure of Nuclear pollution ijek.kq çnw"k.k dk mik;

28.   Explain the effect of global Warming.Xykscy okfeaZx ds çHkko dh O;k[;k djsaA

29.   Explain the objective of Co-curricular activities of Environmental Education.i;kZoj.k f'k{kk dh lg&ikBîp;kZ laca/kh xfrfof/k;ksa ds mís'; dh O;k[;k djsaA

30.   What is Silent valley & its characteristic.lkbysaV oSyh D;k gS vkSj bldh fo'ks"krk D;k gS\

 Very Short Type Question

1.       Define Ecosystem.ikfjfLFkfrdh ra= dks ifjHkkf"kr dhft,A

2.   Two example of Non-Renewal Energy Resource and Renewal Energy.xSj&uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ lalk/ku vkSj uohdj.k ÅtkZ ds nks mnkgj.k

3.       Abiotic and biotic factor’s of Ecosystem.ikfjfLFkfrd ra= ds vtSfod vkSj tSfod dkjdA

4.       Write Two Function of Ecosystem.ikfjfLFkfrdh ra= ds nks dk;Z fyf[k,A

5.       Define Bio-diversitytSo&fofo/krk dks ifjHkkf"kr djsa

6.       Define Sustainable Development.lrr fodkl dks ifjHkkf"kr dhft,

7.       Define Pollutant. çnw"kd dks ifjHkkf"kr dhft,A

8.       Environmental Day…………………….(Ans : 05 june ) i;kZoj.k fnol……………………-¼mÙkj % 05 twu½

9.       Earth Day………………………(Ans: 22 April)  i`Foh fnol ……………………… ¼mÙkj% 22 vçSy½

      Full Form : FAO-1946,

      WHO-7April-1948

      IMCR

      UNEP

      IFAD

      NEAC

      UNICEF (1946)

      IFS

      WWF

 

10.   Water pollution(Prevention and control Act,………………..(Year) Ans:1974 ty çnw"k.k ¼jksdFkke vkSj fu;a=.k vf/kfu;e] ………………

11.   Wild Life Protection Act,……………………………(Year)  Ans.:  1972 and Revised 1980 oU; tho laj{k.k vf/kfu;e]………………

12.   Clean Ganga Project established in year………LoPN xaxk ifj;kstuk o"kZ esa LFkkfir ………………--

13.   Define Eco-Club. bdks&Dyc dks ifjHkkf"kr dhft,A

14.   Main causes of Acid rain. (Name of Gas)   vEyh; o"kkZ ds eq[; dkj.kA

15.   Define Decomposer    Mhdaikstj dks ifjHkkf"kr djsa

16.   What is the theme of Environmental Day 2021? i;kZoj.k fnol 2021 dk fo"k; D;k gS\